What is an IP address?
An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a number that identifies a device on a network, so that data sent across the internet knows where to go and where to come back to. Think of it as the postal address for your connection.
What an IP address looks like
An IPv4 address is four numbers from 0 to 255 separated by dots, for example 203.0.113.25. An IPv6 address is longer and uses hexadecimal groups separated by colons, for example 2001:db8::25. Both do the same job. IPv6 exists because the world ran short of IPv4 addresses.
What it is used for
When you open a web page, your device sends a request from its address to the address of the server. The server replies to yours. Every website, phone, router and smart TV that uses the internet has an address to make this possible.
Your home usually has one public address that your internet provider gives to your router. Everything inside the house shares it, and each device also has its own private address that is only used inside your network.
Who gives you an address
Your internet service provider (ISP) assigns your public address from a block it has been allocated. That is why a lookup of your address shows your provider and an approximate area, rather than your name or your house.
What an IP address does not tell people
An address alone does not reveal your name, your street or your browsing history. It points to a provider and a rough location, usually a city or region. Only your provider can link it to your account.
Common questions
Is my IP address private?
Not entirely. Every site you visit sees your public IP address, because it needs somewhere to send the reply. It does not include your name or street address.
Does everyone have a different IP address?
Public addresses are unique at any moment, but households usually share one, and providers may give you a different one from time to time.
What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
IPv4 uses four numbers separated by dots and is running out. IPv6 is longer, uses colons and has room for far more devices.